whenever we are taught, or learn, or create something based on the work of others, we are, in some way, benefitting from their effort, whether it be the conference speaker you listened to, or the linesman who ensured the electricity supply to your computer. if you study the design of a bass guitar, perhaps you may be appropriating the work of its builder when building your own. but none of these examples seem close to the kind of industrial-scale commodification we're talking about here